A thickener and gelling agent extracted from red seaweed, widely used in dairy products, processed meats, infant formula, and ready-made desserts. It creates smooth textures and prevents ingredients from separating. Controversy surrounds it. Animal studies and some lab research suggest it may irritate the gut lining and trigger inflammation. EFSA reviewed it in 2018 and maintained its approval for most uses, but raised concerns about infant formula — recommending it be removed from those products. Degraded carrageenan (poligeenan) is considered harmful, but food-grade carrageenan is a different form. Still, sensitive individuals, especially those with gut issues, may want to limit intake.
This additive is authorised to be used in the following 10 food categories:
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